Horizontal pot type burner



Y'Jan.22,1946.- l B HAYTER HAL 2,393,248

HORIZONTAL POT TY1 E BURNER FiledMarch 25, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet l y MMM-Jan. 22, 1946. B, HAYTER ETAL 2,393,248 HORIZONTAL POI1 TYPE BURNER IFiled Maren 25, 194s 4 sheets-sheet 2 y @MMM Jam 22, 1946 B. HAYTERE-rAL 2,393,248

HORIZONTAL POT TYPE BURNER u FfLledMal'Ghv 25, 1943 y 4 SheetS-Shet 5 vL 'F''q We .1 i! 2,393,248 y noarzon'rar. ro'r f nonnen Bruce Hayter,Santa Fe, N. Mex., and Sianlet7 Perry, Chi

cago, Ell., assignors to Oil Devices,

Santa Fe, N. Mex., a limited partnership oi' illinois Application March25,A 1943, Serial-IN1. 480,450

lli Claims.

Our invention relates to an improvement in horizontal pot type burnersand has for one object to provide an improved means for subjecting thefuel of a pot. type burner to heat of combustion. in order to vaporize.the fuel.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved means fordelivering a. liquid fuel to the pot. Another object is "to provideimproved means for heating the vaporizing cup. v

Another object is to provide an improved vaporizing cup structure. y y

Another object is to'provide a vaporizing cup with an increasedvaporizing capacity.

Another object is to provide improved-means for conducting the'heat ofthe flame to the vaporizing cup.

Other objects will appear from time to time in the course of thespecication. Our invention is illustrated more or less diagrammaticallyin the accompanying drawings, wherein: l

'Figure 1 is aplan view; Figure 2 is a section along the line 2--2 ofFigure l;

Figure 3 is a Hgure 4; is a bottom plan view of the cup shown in Figures2 and 3; y

Figure 5 is a section similar to Figure 3, showing a variant form ofcup; Y

Figure 6 is a bottom plan view in Figure 5;

Figure i is a view similar to 'Figure 5 illustrating a further form ofcup;

Figure 8 is a bottom plan view of the cup shown in Figure 7; and

Figure 9 is amore or less diagrammatic illustration of the' unitarycontrol of motor, fuel supply and tertiary air.

Like parte are indicated by like l characters throughout the specicationand drawings.

Referring to the drawings, l indicates generally ofthe cup shown anysuitable heater structure or'ame receiving member, the details of whichdo not form part of the present invention. It is provided with anaperture 2 for admitting the flame and exhaust gases from the burner. 3is any suitable exterior abutment plate which may be secured to themember i, in any suitable manner as, for example, by bolts d. The plate3 may serve as a supporting means for the burner unit as ,a whole.Mounted on this base plate 3 is a ring t, having an annular ange Eialigned with the aperture 2 and herein shown as having its 'inner lip lspaced within section along the line .'i-S of Figand terminating in thegeneral plane of the edge 8 of a generally central aperture in thebaseplate e 3. It may be removably mounted on the base plate t by anysuitable spacers 9 and bolts 9--a.

For example, we may employ spacers 9 and bolts La extending therethroughoutwardly from the base plate 3 through any suitable ears or enlargelments of the ring ii. Securing nuts may be employed. The entire assembly-can be removed as aunlt frpm the base plate 3. It may be observed thatair may'ow along the path indicated by arrows at the top of Figure 3 andmay enter through the aperture between the ange 5 and the base plate 3.

Secured to the ring 5 is an outer housing Hl, herein shown ascylindrical and as having an end il with the generallycentral aperturel2. i3 generally indicates the burner pot proper with a bottom or endifi. Its generally cylindrical but slightly tapered wallais providedwith a plurality of primary air inlets-f l5. Similar inlets could, ifdesired,l be employed inthe end of bottom wall,

and it will be understood that substantial varia-y tions of size,spacing and arrangement of primary air inlet apertures may be employed.

Secondary air may be admitted through a row of larger and more closelyspaced secondary air inlet apertures IS located adjacent the jring 5'.It will be understood that the inner portion of the ring 5 operates asa, name ring and is provided With a central aperture il' aligned withthe corresponding apertures in the member l and the base ring iiA Wemay,A if desired, employ a recirculating ring i8, herein shown asmounted on the llame ring 5 by any suitable Spacers l@ and securingmembers 20. The inner edge of the lflame ringis spaced inwardly from-the wall of the pot [3. The flame ring has a central aperture 2l ofabout the same diameter as the aperture il of the name ring andpreferably axially V aligned therewith. We illustrate the outer row offan 25 is preferably such that it may pass through the aperture i2 inthe bottom or end member H. The shield is in the form of a flat diskwhich may be centrally welded or otherwise secured to l jacent therecirculatng ring I8 and the name the bottom or end of the pot I3.Portions of the edge of the disk are inwardly bent, to provide spacingabutments for engaging the b'ottom of end of the pot. 28 is any suitableguiding means for directing air forwardly through the space between thepot I3 and the outer housing I0.

MountedV on the outer housing Ill by any suitable bracket or support 30is any suitable fuel' control means such as the float chamber 3|, withany suitable v alve control handle 32. The details of the iloat chamber.and valve do not of themselves form part of the present invention but itwill be understood that a liquid fuel may be de livered to the floatchamber ifrom any suitable source and t t the float chamber serves tocontrol the level of the fuel in the below described vaporizing cup 42.33 indicates any suitable duct or pipe extendingto a sump element 34located beneath the lower side of .the housing I0. 35 indicates anysuitable union member screw threadedat its lower end as at 3B and at itsupper end as at 31. The sump may be screw threaded upon the lowerportion 36. 38 is any suitable lock nut also screw threaded upon theportion 36. 38 is any suitable .spacer surrounding the union 35 andinterposed between the members IU and I3. 48 is a cup stem internallyscrew threaded at its lower end, and secured upon the screw threadedportion 31 of the u-ion.35. It has an inner bore 4I extending 'to itsupper end andis expanded at its upper end to formja cup 42. It will'beunderstood that the relationv between the level of fuel in the 'cup 42and the level of the -fuel in the float valve structure 3l is such thatthe level of liquid fuel in the bottom of the cup 42 may be controlledby the setting of the valve control element 32. Surrounding the l cup'`42 is an outwardly extending horizontal iiange 43 which isl cut away atone edge as at 44, the cut away portion being that most 'closely adringExtending vdownwardly from the bottom of the cup 42 and preferablyformed inte-gral :vsith it and the 'stem 40 are a plurality of vanes Inorder to light the fuel, a lighting aperture isprovided. We illustratefor example, a ring in -the upper side of the pot I3, indicated at 48.In line with the ring, the outer housing I is apertured as at 49. Anysuitable closure plug 58 may 5 be employed which rests gravitallyagainst the upper surface of-.the ring 48 ina firm closing relationship.Ihe plugis also provided with a 'downwardly extending portion 5I ofreduced ditype of cup 15 havingthe circumferential outwardly extendingflange 18. Fins 11 are employed similar to the ns 45 of theform ofFigure 3. Instead of the hollow passage 80, this form hasl an'extensiongenerally indicatedas 18 which extends through the central aperture ofthe name ring 5. This extension \18 also mayhave upper and lower ribs18, 88, respectively? We illustrate in connection with the form ofEigure 7, means for controlling the tertiary air. i

will be understood, however, that the same ,control means may also, beemployed with the' titherlfoms of the invention. The tertiary air supplymeans includes any suitable tertiary air box 85 with a delivery lip 86dening an annular 4 passage 81. Air may be admitted to the tertiary airbox through` any suitable aperture 88 controlled by the tertiary airshutter 89 which may, for example, be pivoted as at 8D. Any suitablemeans may be employed for controlling 89 in unison with the manual oilcontrol. There is illustrated for example in the diagrammatic Figure 9.the motor 25 with any suitable circuit 25a therefor. This circuit may becontrolled by a rheostat 25h which in turn is controlled by rotation ofthe manual control handle 32a which simultaneously operates the oilcontrol handle 32h.

Any suitable connection for actuating the )tertiary air shutter 88 maybe employed including for example, the linkage 85 :between the shutterand the oil control member 32h. This means is shown diagrammatically butit will beunderstood that a variety of means may be yemployed forvarying the movement of the tertiary air shut- 8l ter 4in response tothe movement of the oil cong trol member. Thus there is a simultaneouscon' trolof vthe air supplylng'motor 25, the oil ow .controlling member32h, and the tertiary air control shutter 89.

40 The'use and operation of our device are as follows:

In the present burner, which is of the hydroxylatingtype, primary air isdelivered to the interior of the pot I3 through primary air inletapertures I5. We may use natural draft or we may use fan means, such asthe fan 24, to cause the air to flow into the pot. A liquid fuel isvdelivered to the bottom of the cup 42 along the passage 4 I Oncecombustion has been initiated, the fuel is vaporized by the heat ofcombustion in 5Vor adjacent the pot, and the vaporlzed hydrocarmixtureis directed, leither under natural draft,

ameter which more or less snugly. fits the aperor by the fan 24, throughthe centralfaperture of tureof the ring 48. The plug may be heldagainst/5 J the flame ring 5 and into the interior of the mem- Vthroughthe apertures ofthe rings 5 and I8 and y,

therefore extends along the'. line of movement of the flame atintermediate or high fire. A lip 5I 'prevents the access of liquid fuelto the passage 60, unless the depth ofthe fuel in the cup rises up overthe level of the lip. Thus the Vaporizing passage does not 4operate atpilot ame or at low fire except asa heat conductor to the cup. At highnre, it serves as a means of increasing or adding to the vaporizingcapacity of the cup. 'I'he liquid flowing into the passage B0 is sub-J'ected to the maximum heating effect of the "llame or exhaust gasesflowing outwardly through the ab'ove mentioned apertures.

- ber I. At high fire, a ilameis delivered horizontally to a substantialdistance. The .cup is adef ture, a,-comple'tely combustible mixture isformed,

. and4 the flame of this combustible vmixture extends into the. interiorof the lmember I. The space between the base member 3 and the flange 8serves vfortlie' admission of additionaltertiary air, which preventssmoking and completes the f combustion of all or substantially all ofthe car- A' bon delivered into the interior of the memberl I.

At the llower stages of combustion, a much Jn the form of Figure '1,`we'illustrate a variant' Smaller rate of flow is maintained to the cup42.

aeeaaea Combustion takes -place at or abovethe lip of the cup and moreor less around the sides of the cup. In order to adequately heatthefcup, it ,is important that this heat of combustiony be adequatelyconducted to the cup and particularly to the bottom of the cup. The steml0, the side flange 43, which is preferably more or less thickened asshown in Figure 3, and the vanes 45, all assist in conducting to the cupthe heat of combustion going on about it, and the result is themaintenance of the cup at adequate temperatures to vaporize theinflowing hydrocarboneven when the rate of ,ow may be substantiallyreduced.

In the pre nt burner, it is important that the liquid fuel su plied tothe vaporizlng cup be comd pletely consumed. The lcup must behot-'enough for complete vaporization and the less volatile portions ofthe fuelfmust be consumed or re- -duced to a powder or light ash. Thisis particularly the case when relatively heavy fuels such as Diesel oilare burned.

In the form of Figures l to 4, we illustrate .a vaporizing cup having aplurality of heat conducting flanges and vanes. The vanes serve toconduct the heat of combustion' to the cup and to maintain the cup `at asujmciently high temperature to eilect complete vaporization of thefuel, even at the pilot stage. v

yI'he form of Figures 5 and 6 illustrates the employment of asupplemental vaporizing cham- .ber extending along the path offlow ol'the het gases and llame. Ii' the liquid level in the cup gets highenough to flood over the lip Si, the liquid fuel is then heated Withinthe chamber d@ to a temperature high enough, rapidly and completely, tovaporize it. In eect, the capacity ci the. cup is increased when thevolume of now is increased. The member @t also serves as a means ofconducting the heat of combustion to the cup evenwhen the fuel level istoo low to tlm the lipl.

In the formA of Figures '7 and following, the fins 'll correspond to thefins dof Figures 2 and 3, and perform the same function. In addition,the extension 78. conducts heat to the cup from the name as the prong isin contact with the flame and with the hot gases of combustion flowingout of the pot. We have omitted the recirculating ring from Figure 7. Itwill be understood that it may be employed, if desired.

We have also shown in connection with Figure 7, means for'unitarilycontrolling the air supply to the space about the pot, and the tertiaryair inrelation to the rate of flowof the fuel.

cup, said stem being unitary with said down- 70 wardly extending anges.f,

2. In a pot` type horizontal burner,a horizon- Atally axised pot havingan open end, a centrally apertured flame ring .partially closing saidopen end, and a circumferential wall with a plurality of air inletapertures therein, a vaporizing cup It will be Iunderstood that thistertiary air controlg? vmay be employed, if desired, with all forms ofour l located within said pot,I means for directing. a flow ofliquidfuel to the cup and means for con.- ducting heat to the cupincluding a heat conducting element extending laterally from thecup a.substantial distance along the path of outward movement of theheatedgases and flame from the pot through said llame ring.` V

3. In a pot type horizontal burner, a horizontally axised pot having anopen end, a centrally 10 .'.apertured llame ring partially closing saidopen uji-end, and a. circumferential Wall with a plurality '.aof airinlet apertures therein, a vaporizing cup located within saidpot, meansfor directing a flow of liquid fuel to the cup and. means for conductingheat to the cup including` a heat conducting element extending from thecup along l the path of outward movement of. the heated gases and flamefrom the. pot through said llame ring, said element being hollow and incommunication with the interior of the cup.

4. In a pot type horizontal burner, a horizontally axised pot having anopen end, a centrally apertured llame ring partially closing said openend, and a circumferential wall with a plurality of air inlet aperturestherein, a vaporizing cup located within said pot, `means for directinga iiow of liquid .fuel to the cup and means for conducting heat to thecup including a heat conducting element extending from the cup along vand flame from the pot through said flame ring, said element beinghollowand in communication with the interior of the cup, and means for 0a heat conducting projection extending from the` cup along the path ofilow of the heated gases and-name from the pot, said projection being'unitary with the cup and of substantially smaller diameter than thecup, and extending along the axis of the aperture of the flame ring.

e. in a por type burner, a pot having a circumferential wall with aplurality of air inlet apertures therein, a'vaporizlng cup locatedwith-v in said pot, means for directing a flow of liquid fuel to thecup, means for conducting heat to the cup including a. unitary heatconducting projection extending from the cup, and a centrally apertureddame ring partially closing the mouth of the pot, said projectionextending through the aperture of the ame ring.l

7. In a pot type burner, a pot having'a circumferential wall with aplurality of air inlet apertures therein, a vaporizlng ,cup locatedwithin said pot. means for directing a flow of liquid fuel to the cup,means for conducting heat tothe cup including a unitary heat conductingprojection ,extending from the cup, .and a centrally aper.. tured flamering partially closing the mouth lof the pot, saidprojection extendingthrough the aperture of the ame ring, and a centrally aperturedrecirculating ring, within the pot, and surrounding said projection. n

8. As a new article of manufacture, a vapor.- vizing cup, for pot type.burners, including a cup 75 element, a stem unitary therewith, said stemhavl the path of outward movement of the heated gases circumferentialside wall having therein a pluf rality of air inlet apertures located atvarious distances from the end of the pot and distributed generallyvuniformly circumferentially about the pot, a vaporizing cup, locatedwithin said pot and including a cup bottom and a circumferential sidewall, means i'ordirecting a now of liquid fuel to the interior, of saidcup,`and means for I conductingv heat to said cup including ilange meansextending downwardly from the bottom of the cup, the cup, including itsbottom and side wall and said iianges, constituting a unitary metalmember of substantially greater thickness than the' gauge of the sheetmetal of the burner pot.

10. As a new article of manufacture, a Vaporiz- Y ing cup adapted foruse in hydroxylating burners,

which includes an open topped cup body surrounded by an integralcircumferential wall, a

stem, unitary with said body, having a bore i:

communication with the interior of the cup at a level adjacent thebottom of the cup, and heat conducting anges extending downwardly from'said body, said iianges being inthe form of re1- atively thin sheetsgenerally perpendicular to and unitary with the bottom of the cup.

l1. vl-is a new article of mamlfacture, a vaporiZing cup adapted for usein hydroxylating burners, which includes an open topped cup bodysurrounded by an integral circumferential wall,'a stem, unitary withsaid body, having a. bore in communication with the interior ofv the cupat a level adjacent the bottom of the cup, heat con ducting flangesextending downwardly, from said body, said iianges being in the form ofrelatively thin sheets generally perpendicular to and unitary with thebottom of'the cup, said stem "extending downwardly from the bottom ofthe cup at a generally central point, said anges radiating outwardlyfrom said stem, and being in heat conducting relationship therewith.

J BRUCE HAYTERh STANLEY PERRY.

